William the Conqueror built it in 1078 to control London.

It was a symbol of Norman power after the 1066 conquest.

The original structure was a wooden fort, later rebuilt in stone.

The White Tower, its oldest part, gave the fortress its name.

Norman masons and laborers were brought from France to build it.

Over centuries, kings expanded it into a royal palace and prison.

Edward I and Henry III added walls, towers, and a moat.

It became a feared stronghold, not just a royal residence.